Introduction – Gingival hyperpigmentation is a very common esthetical concern in patients with gummy smile or excessive gingival display. It’s an overproduction of melanin, past the normal expected degree within the dental mucosa, caused by various causes.
Etiology – Several physiologic and/or pathologic factors may cause hyperpigmentation. Gingival hyperpigmentation is mainly brought on by the physiologic deposition of the brown pigment, melanin created by melanocytes within the basal and supra-basal cell layer from the gingival epithelium. The color of gingiva depends upon the concentration of the melanogenesis, amount of epithelial cornification, depth of epithelialization and also the arrangement of gingival vascularity.
Treatment Modalities – Gingival depigmentation is really a treatment to get rid of melanin hyperpigmentation from the gingiva as well as other methods happen to be employed for this process with various levels of success including gingivectomy, gingivectomy with free gingival autografting, electrosurgery, cryosurgery, chemotherapy with 90% phenol and 95% alcohol and abrasion with gemstone bur. Furthermore a few of these techniques are vulnerable to negative effects and complications.
However, Laser therapy is an efficient and noninvasive treatment choice for Gingival Depigmentation. In depigmentation process the epithelial tissue exhibiting excessive melanin pigments is ablated using diode lasers. PIOON Laser offers different wavelengths like 450nm, 810nm/980nm which could be either utilized in contact or non-contact manner to do this process.
Most suggested for very effective treatments procedure may be the blue light (450nm) which may be supported by a study by Kenneth Luk in 2017 where he studied the comparison between your 810nm and 445nm your noncontact mode to do depigmentation of gingiva. He mentioned that 445nm is way better absorbed by melanin and haemoglobin than 810 nm and therefore, a significantly lower power density can be used as the therapy. Manaf Agha in 2020 figured that lesser the ability settings employed for the process, faster will be the healing with significantly less discomfort towards the patient resulting in greater acceptance from the procedure.
Before laser irradiation, the operating staff, assistant and also the patient wears special laser-protective eyeglasses akin to laser wave length, highly reflective instruments or instruments with mirrored surfaces are prevented and the majority of the occasions only using topical anesthesia suffices for any painless laser tissue ablation.
Rationale behind Utilization of Lasers – Laser ablation continues to be acknowledged as a enjoyable and reliable technique. Her benefit of easy handling of tissues due to bloodless field, shorter chairside time, treatment finishes in single visit and property of potential purification. Furthermore, protein coagulum created around the depigmented surface because of irradiation behave as a biological wound dressing sealing the ends of physical nerve endings and therefore lesser discomfort and discomfort has experience through the patients.
Conclusion – Diode dental laser is really a effective and safe treatment modality that gives optimal appearance with minimal discomfort to patients with gingival hyperpigmentation.
